What is a Species?According to the biological species concept, a species is defined as a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring under natural conditions.
The biological species concept is just one of many species concepts. However, it is the most widely used and one that should be memorized in order to be successful in general biology classes. |
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How are new species formed?
Speciation is the process by which new species arise from existing ones. It occurs when populations of the same species become reproductively isolated from each other, preventing gene flow and leading to the accumulation of genetic differences over time. These genetic differences can eventually become significant enough that individuals from the two populations can no longer interbreed and produce viable, fertile offspring.
Reproductive isolation can happen through various mechanisms, such as geographical barriers (allopatric speciation) where populations are physically separated, or by the evolution of different behaviors or traits that prevent interbreeding even in the same geographic area (sympatric speciation).
Once speciation occurs, the newly formed species will follow its evolutionary trajectory, adapting to its environment and potentially diverging further from its ancestor over time. The process of speciation is a fundamental concept in understanding the diversity of life on Earth, as it is responsible for creating the countless species we see today.
Reproductive isolation can happen through various mechanisms, such as geographical barriers (allopatric speciation) where populations are physically separated, or by the evolution of different behaviors or traits that prevent interbreeding even in the same geographic area (sympatric speciation).
Once speciation occurs, the newly formed species will follow its evolutionary trajectory, adapting to its environment and potentially diverging further from its ancestor over time. The process of speciation is a fundamental concept in understanding the diversity of life on Earth, as it is responsible for creating the countless species we see today.
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